While convectional non-inflationary CD8+ T cells are preferentially primed by cross-presented antigens on DCs (55), inflationary CD8+ T cells are originating from cells primed early in infection as well as from constantly replenished short-lived effectors (56) maintained at high levels by sporadic virus reactivations in non-hematopoietic cells (30, 57). This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and infection.