Based on these results, a GMP-grade CCL21 gene-modified monocyte-derived DC vaccine was developed (67), subsequently used in a phase-I clinical trial with non-TAA loaded CCL21 expressing DCs, which triggered TAA-specific T cell responses and enhanced CD8+ T cell tumor infiltration in a subset of patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (68). Here, CCL21 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.