Considering the central role of mTOR in the signaling cascade, this subgroup of PIDs will be referred hereafter as “immune TOR-opathies.” The term “mTOR-opathies” was initially coined in 2007 by PB Crino to define a wide spectrum of neurological disorders due to abnormal mTOR signaling that are characterized by focal malformations of cortical development, epilepsy, and neurobehavioral disabilities (1, 10). This evidence concerns the gene MTOR and epilepsy.