TGFB1 and Burkitt lymphoma: Previous studies demonstrated an effect of TGF-β1, which is the prototypic member of the TGF-β superfamily, on inducing the EBV lytic cycle in some BL cell lines and epithelial cell lines (di Renzo et al., 1994; Fahmi et al., 2000; Fukuda et al., 2001; Liang et al., 2002; Iempridee et al., 2011).