Later studies showed an anti-inflammatory effect of GABA treatment, increasing the frequency and suppressive activity of splenic CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs in pancreatic lymph nodes in NOD mice with no changes in GAD-reactive CD4+ T cells and decreased circulating inflammatory cytokines in the multiple low-dose STZ-induced diabetes model (288, 291). This evidence concerns the gene FOXP3 and diabetes mellitus.