Furthermore, the results of the Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) study also reported that biosimilar insulin use in Asia is associated with suboptimal glycemic control, indicated by higher FBG and HbA1c levels and a lower proportion of patients achieving glycemic control targets (HbA1c <7.0%) compared with originator insulin (13.6% vs. 17.2%)19. Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.