Moreover, a reduction in GIT1 expression in metastatic tumour cells is consistent with reports of increased Arf1 and Arf6 expression in high grade tumors compared to low grade tumors in gastric, prostate and brain, as well as in breast cancer where cell lines with high invasive activities expressed higher amounts of Arf6 protein than those in weakly invasive and non-invasive cell lines26–28. Here, ARF6 is linked to breast cancer.