ACTA1 and Hepatic fibrosis: The signaling pathways of NADPH oxidase were suggested to mediate hBM-MSC reduction of HSCs; thereby, to evaluate the potential contribution of NADPH oxidase in liver fibrosis, the expression of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) (a hallmark of adipocytes), α-SMA, and α1(I) collagen (two markers of activated HSCs) was tested.