MAPK8 and breast carcinoma: For example, both JNK and p38 MAPK promote mammary gland epithelial cell anoikis by a BIM-dependent mechanism and are required for luminal clearance of mammary ducts (Cellurale et al., 2012; Girnius and Davis, 2017; Wen et al., 2011), but JNK inhibition promotes breast cancer (Figure 1 and 3) while p38 MAPK pathway inhibition suppresses breast cancer development and promotes the early dissemination of tumor cells (Del Barco Barrantes et al., 2018; Gawrzak et al., 2018; Harper et al., 2016).