In large scale case-control studies in a Chinese Han population using candidate gene approach, CCL21, a myositis susceptibility gene in Caucasians [163], was found to associate with PM or PM-associated ILD [169], TNFAIP3 and IRF5 with myositis or myositis-associated ILD [170], and PLCL1 with DM and DM-associated ILD [171]. Here, IRF5 is linked to interstitial lung disease.