Unfortunately, the study did not collect data on (1) the use and duration of ART, (2) the use of co-trimoxazole as prophylaxis for opportunistic infections, or (3) CD4 counts or HIV viral load, which could have allowed a more detailed evaluation of the degree of immunosuppression and how this or any given treatment could have influenced the incidence and prevalence of enteric pathogens in HIV-infected children. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is Opportunistic infection.