TSHR and hyperthyroidism: MAbs with TSHR antagonist activity might be of benefit in other causes of hyperthyroidism such as TSH-secreting pituitary tumors [84] while SMLs and MAb inverse agonists of TSHR might clinically benefit patients with inherited nonimmune hyperthyroidism because of its ability to inhibit constitutive signaling of TSHR [71, 84].