Indeed, a prior study determined that JAK2/STAT3 inhibition with this SMI dramatically reduced brain tumor stem cell survival and prolonged mouse survival with orthotopic xenografts, and another study demonstrated that WP1066 inhibited the STAT3 pathway, inducing apoptosis in malignant glioma cells both in vitro and in vivo by down regulating anti-apoptotic proteins30,31. Here, STAT3 is linked to malignant glioma.