After the identification of miRNAs and their target genes in normal gastroduodenal biopsy, H. pylori-infected gastroduodenal biopsy and H. pylori-infected gastroduodenal ulcer biopsy samples, Cheng et al. found that increase in miR-155 and miR-146b could decrease H. pylori-induced IL6 expression in gastroduodenal ulcer. Here, IL6 is linked to duodenal ulcer.