DDX4 and infection: To identify testicular cell types permissive for ZIKV, we infected murine testicular cells, GCs, SCs, LCs, and MCs, with ZIKV in vitro (MR 766, multiplicity of infection (MOI) = 0.1 plaque-forming unit (PFU) per cell), and stained for ZIKV envelope protein (ZIKV-E) and testicular cell markers, DEAD-Box helicase 4 (DDX4) for GCs, SRY-box 9 (SOX9) for SCs, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17β-HSD) for LCs, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) for MCs.