To assess the role of S100A11 in the process of cerebral ischemia, we injected mice with the recombinant adenovirus vector Ad-S100A11 (carrying S100A11) or Ad-GFP 3 days before transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery and performed behavioral tests and histological studies at different time points after reperfusion (Fig. 1a). Here, S100A11 is linked to Cerebral ischemia.