For example, we and others have demonstrated that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is dramatically upregulated during cytokine‐driven muscle wasting and that the production of reactive nitrogen compounds, such as nitric oxide (NO), by this enzyme contributes to the pathogenesis of cachexia (Buck & Chojkier, 1996; Di Marco et al, 2005, 2012; Ramamoorthy et al, 2009; Hall et al, 2011). This evidence concerns the gene NOS2 and Cachexia.