The reverse was also true in that variables that suggested asthma, such as having a history of childhood asthma, atopic status, exacerbations, hypereosinophilia, increased total IgE, and high levels of FENO, were a significant negative risk factor for COPD (OR = −27, P < 0.001; OR = −32, P < 0.001; OR = −26.8, P < 0.001; OR = −28.4, P < 0.001; OR = −15.9, P < 0.001; OR = −32.5, P < 0.001, resp.; Table 4 and Figures 2(a) and 2(b)). Here, IGHE is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.