INS and Autoimmunity: A recent study [134] has suggested that EVs may take part in the beginning and acceleration of autoimmune pancreatic islet reactions in T1D demonstrating that rat and human pancreatic beta cells secrete EVs carrying autoantigens GAD65, IA-2, and insulin/proinsulin which target and activate dendritic cells promoting autoimmunity in particular under proinflammatory conditions.