There was significantly decreased CD39 gene expression in the lungs of the COPD group (1.17 [0.85–1.81]) compared with the NOS group (1.88 [1.35–4.41]) and NS group (3.32 [1.23–5.39]) (p = 0.037). The gene discussed is ENTPD1; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.