HMGCR and type 1 diabetes mellitus: T1DM causes an insulin deficiency, resulting in increased lipolysis and subsequent β-oxidation of acetyl-CoA, which can be used in lipogenesis together with HMG-CoA reductase, a key enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis [55], promoting the hepatic formation of VLDL-cholesterol and consequently increasing serum levels of cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol.