TLR5 and inflammatory bowel disease: A study performed on Navarra’s community suggested that HSP-70 was a predisposing gene to develop the CD clinical symptoms as the authors found an association between HSP-70 gene polymorphisms and celiac disease [29;30]., With regards to inflammation, we found a drammatic up-regulation of TLRs pathway genes, especially of TLR5, which is involved in bacterial flagellin recognition [31] and in the onset of many diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease.