AIRE and benign neoplasm: Subcutaneous injection of TRAMP-C1 cells resulted in no visible tumor in female mice (Fig. 7a), big palpable benign tumors in male AIRE+/+ mice after 40 days of initial injection whereas to our surprise we observed small localized tumor growth in case of male AIRE−/− mice after 55 days postinjection (Fig. 7b, c).