In a similar fashion, Padhy et al [31] previously observed that in a nested case control study, serum NGAL by ELISA increased sharply at 4 hours after coronary angioplasty to gradually decline to near normal level at 48 h in AKI cases (intended as a rise in SCr of at least 0.5 mg/dl from the baseline value at 48 h after PCI), while it did not increase significantly in non-AKI patients [30]. The gene discussed is LCN2; the disease is acute kidney injury.