The top five differentially upregulated piRNAs in HCC (Table 11) were: piR-32299 (4045-fold), piR-23670 (2335-fold), piR-24684 (2220-fold), piR-28488 (1099-fold), and piR-7239 (949-fold). The gene discussed is PIR; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.