MARCKSL1 and cancer: Similarly, unphosphorylated, membrane bound MARCKS or MARCKSL1 have been shown to promote lamellipodium formation, axon outgrowth and cell motility in neurons and cancer cells in some studies [29, 43, 85–87], whereas phosphorylated, cytosolic MARCKS has been shown to promote cell motility in other studies [88–92].