However, studies suggest the NF-ĸB2 pathway is activated in cancer through viral oncogenes, mutations in pathway components and upregulation of upstream components of the pathway42, the latter of which is supported by our results, suggesting DARPP-32 promotes activation of non-canonical NF-ĸB2 signaling in lung cancer through an interaction with IKKα. This evidence concerns the gene CHUK and lung cancer.