On the contrary, the 5 mutations that persisted post-treatment, including the germline <i>RUNX1</i> mutation, were likely to be part of the preleukemic clone.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Further studies are necessary to assess the prevalence of these preleukemic and secondary mutations in the larger FPD/AML patient cohort and establish their prognostic significance. This evidence concerns the gene RUNX1 and acute myeloid leukemia.