Notably, though the functional triad of inflammasome receptor (NLRP3), effector (ASC), and catalytic (caspase-8) genes was upregulated by MSU in PPMS alone: thus, the assembly of a potentially functional inflammasome complex was stimulated by MSU only in cells of MS patients with a primary progressive form of disease. The gene discussed is CASP8; the disease is primary progressive multiple sclerosis.