TNF and Parkinson disease: Another drug, fasudil, which is a Rho kinase inhibitor, decreases TNFα and IL-1β, upregulates anti-oxidant/inflammatory molecules, Nrf2 and IL-10 (Liu et al., 2013; Zhao Y. F. et al., 2015), and protects TH+ neurons in vivo in a MPTP-model of PD (Li et al., 2017).