It has been shown that CD4+ T cells in LN patients are stimulated and activated towards a Th1, Th2, and Th17 orientation2,47,63,64, and the involvement of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-21, IL-23, and HLA-DR play pivotal roles in Th2 and Th17 responses16,65–68. This evidence concerns the gene IL21 and lobular neoplasia.