Moreover, recent studies on mitochondrial functions have indicated that these organelles emerge as a fundamental platform for innate immune signaling against viral infection via mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) [3], also known as VISA (virus-induced signaling adaptor) [4], IPS1 (IFNβ promoter stimulator 1) [5], or Cardif (CARD adaptor inducing IFNβ) [6]. The gene discussed is MAVS; the disease is viral infectious disease.