EDN1 and endothelial dysfunction: Hence, endothelial dysfunction, a predictor of several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), is caused by imbalance between vasodilating and vasoconstricting agents, including NO, endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor, prostacyclin, or vasoconstrictive factors such as thromboxane (TXA2) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) [8].