Since vice versa, iron deficiency and inflammatory cytokines increase FGF23 production in bone (53), FGF23 could be part of a vicious cycle that contributes to FGF23-driven pathologies associated with CKD, such as anemia and systemic inflammation (62, 203), which are also potent inducers of pathologic cardiac remodeling and injury (199). This evidence concerns the gene FGF23 and chronic kidney disease.