Given the central role of pathological forms of α-Syn in PD pathogenesis, recent studies show that A2AR blockade decreases α-Syn aggregation in SynT-Synphilin-1 neuroglioma cells (Ferreira et al., 2017a) and rescue synaptic and cognitive deficits in aSyn-transgenic mice (Ferreira et al., 2017b) and A2AR gene disruption protects in α-Syn model of PD by preventing loss of dopamine and dopaminergic neurons (Kachroo and Schwarzschild, 2012). The gene discussed is ADORA2A; the disease is Parkinson disease.