IFNA1 and infection: On the other hand, exogenously expressed UBXN1 might efficiently bind to NiV V before it binds to other host’s proteins, which allow us to clearly show the functional effects of NiV V. It has been reported that the gene expression of UBXN1 is induced by the infection of RNA viruses30, which suggests that NiV V potentially interacts with newly synthesized UBXN1 efficiently, and stabilizes it to suppress IFN induction.