TGFβ was found to mediate bortezomib-induced autophagy, and a combination of bortezomib plus LY2109761, a selective TGFβRI/II inhibitor, induced apoptosis of RPMI8226 myeloma cells co-cultured with bortezomib-resistant CAFs (32). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is plasma cell myeloma.