CLU and carcinoma: In the phase III AFFINITY study of men with metastatic castration-resistantprostate cancer who progressed after docetaxel, custirsen, an ASO to clusterin,administered with chemotherapy showed no OS benefit vs chemotherapyalone.33Our study, however, met its predefined end point and the future prospect of ASOs inurothelial carcinoma may depend on better patient selection, for example, withaccurate biomarkers.