Oxidative stress similarly enhances TGF-β activity (Barcellos-Hoff and Dix, 1996; Sullivan et al., 2008) that has been postulated to promote age-related myocardial fibrosis (Brooks and Conrad, 2000; Davies et al., 2014; Rosenkranz et al., 2002). Here, TGFB1 is linked to Myocardial fibrosis.