If we examine earlier SLE proteomic studies, some of the identified protein expressions by this study are consistent with previous reports, examples being ORM1/A1AG, TF, and CP, all of which have been detected in urine and renal biopsy samples obtained from SLE samples and were reported to act as biomarkers for class IV LN (Brunner et al., 2012; Alaiya et al., 2015; Suzuki et al., 2007). Here, CP is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.