The mechanisms of cancer chemopreventive activity of isothiocyanates are the inhibition of phase I enzymes cytochrome P-450s involved in the activation of carcinogen and/or induction of phase II detoxifying enzymes, such as quinone reductase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDP-GTs) and glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) through Nrf2-dependent pathway [138, 139]. The gene discussed is HPGDS; the disease is cancer.