INS and systemic lupus erythematosus: In this study, aerobic exercise elicited greater improvements (vs. control) in insulin sensitivity in SLE patients, as reflected by improved HOMA IR (an index based on fasting steady-state parameters which primarily reflects hepatic IR) (26), fasting insulin, insulin response to the MT, and the Matsuda Index (an estimate of whole-body insulin sensitivity derived from the MT) (25).