We focused on differentially expressed genes showing ≥ 30% change in any of the groups compared to Wt from non-diabetic pregnancy, representing 144 differentially expressed genes; the majority of changes (95 genes) were identified only in the diabetes-exposed Hif1a+/− hearts (Fig. 3c, Additional file 4: Table S4, Additional file 5: Table S5). Here, HIF1A is linked to diabetes mellitus.