Anthracycline-based chemotherapy has been shown to induce a rapid translocation of calreticulin and heat shock proteins (HSPs) to the cell surface which stimulates the elimination of tumor cells by phagocytes, and the release of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1) —a ligand of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), triggering an innate anticancer immune response through the maturation of DCs [65–67]. This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and neoplasm.