Among the most highly significant results, KRAS G12R appeared more strongly selected than other KRAS mutations, including KRAS G12C and G13D, in pancreatic cancer (Fig. 3a, Supplementary Fig. 7), as did BRAF V600E compared with other BRAF common mutations, including BRAF K601E, in thyroid, melanoma and colorectal cancer. Here, KRAS is linked to pancreatic neoplasm.