In a prospective study of patients with T2DM, all-cause mortality was increased in patients within the second and third tertile of Chi3L1 levels (Hazard ratio (HR) 1.50, p = 0.034 and 2.88, p<0.001, respectively compared with the first tertile) [40]. The gene discussed is CHI3L1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.