Another molecular target for CUR in preventing hepatic steatosis is protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), a negative regulator of insulin receptor (IR) signal transduction, whose overproduction has been found to associate with defective insulin and leptin signaling in the liver of rats with fructose-induced hepatic steatosis [21]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Hepatic steatosis.