MAP3K5 and brain ischemia: From previous studies on ischemic injury, it is known that ASK1 silencing by siRNA reduces infiltrated macrophages/resident microglia in brain regions such as the striatum, cortex, and hippocampus, and ASK1 silencing downregulates proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the ipsilateral hemisphere at late stages of cerebral ischemia.