Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), a key player in the development of RA, is known to induce macrophages and other immune system cells to produce pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8) [29]; it also leads to T cell activation, and stimulate endothelial cells to express adhesion molecules [29]. The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.