A previous study from our group on skin lesions of atypical cutaneous leishmaniasis showed self-limiting and nonulcerated skin lesions independent of the time of evolution, which were characterized by the evidence of a high density of CD8+ T lymphocytes and IFN-γ+ cells, added to the presence of iNOS+ macrophages that are rarely parasitized [11]; these results suggested that those patients had efficient cellular immune responses in the skin. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is cutaneous leishmaniasis.